Reproductive effects in Long-Evans rats exposed to chlorine dioxide.
Carlton BD1, Basaran AH, Mezza LE, George EL, Smith MK.
Dec 1991: Bron: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1769363
Long-Evans rats, 4-6 weeks of age, were dosed with 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, or 10.0 ml/kg Lg chlorine dioxide (ClO2) in deionized water for up to 73 days. Males were exposed for 56 days and females for 14 days prior to breeding, and throughout the 10-day breeding period. Males were killed and evaluated for sperm parameters and reproductive tract histopathology following the breeding period. Females continued to be dosed throughout gestation and lactation until weaning on lactation day 21, when both dams and selected pups were necropsied. Neither clinical signs of toxicity nor adverse effects on any reproductive parameter examined were observed in the parental animals. Litter size, pup viability, and pup weight were unaltered by chlorine dioxide exposure. F0 reproductive tract organ weights and F1 organ weights for testis, epididymis, uterus, and ovaries were not different between groups, but vaginal weight was significantly decreased (P less than 0.03) for female weanlings in the high dose (10.0 mg/kg) group relative to controls. There were no changes in thyroid hormone parameters that appeared to be attributable to chlorine dioxide treatment.
Concentratie grotendeels onbekend. 10 mg/kg LG wordt genoemd, dat is gelijk aan MMS-protocol in Oeganda.
- Hoeveelheid: 0 mg/kg body weight per day / Concentratie: 0 mg / liter
- Hoeveelheid: 2,5 mg/kg body weight per day (0,20 x MMS-protocol)
- Hoeveelheid: 5 mg/kg body weight per day (0,41 x MMS-protocol)
- Hoeveelheid: 10 mg/kg body weight per day (0,82x MMS-protocol)
Similarly, groups of 24 females received aqueous chlorine dioxide for 14 days prior to mating and then throughout the mating, gestation, and lactation periods until weaning on day 21 of lactation. Examinations included pre-terminal blood samples for assessment of thyroid hormones T3 and T4 and weights and histopathological examination of male reproductive organs. Samples were also taken for analysis of sperm motility and morphology. Dams were observed for fertility, length of gestation, body weight gain, and any signs of behavioral abnormality. Pre-terminal blood samples were taken, and animals were examined macroscopically, with an additional microscopic evaluation of reproductive organs. Overall, this study did not demonstrate any impairment of reproductive function, and there were no signs of developmental effects among rats receiving up to 10 mg aqueous chlorine dioxide/kg body weight per day.
Bron: International Programme on Chemical Safety's Concise International Chemical Assessment Documents Number 37: Chlorine dioxide (2002). Available from, as of December 13, 2017: http://www.inchem.org/pages/cicads.html
Commentaar CLO2.nl: HEEL interessant!
- 5, or 10 mg/kg body weight per day, dan praat je over waarden die je kunt vergelijken met het MMS-protocollen in Oeganda.
- "Deionized water": geen idee wat dit precies betekent!
- De proefdieren ontvingen hun dosis ClO2 gedurende 56 dagen. En dan nog... weinig schade aan de ratten.